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Elektrotekno.com Ana Sayfa Bilgisayar
Yazar Mesaj
trictronick
Tarih: 01.12.2006, 12:23 Mesaj konusu: Bilgisayar Aπlarύ Hakkύnda Genel Bilgiler

iηindekiler
1. giriώ……………………………………………………………………………………1
2. temel kavramlar
2.1. aπ(network) nedir?......................................................................................................1
2.2. bir aπla amaηlananlar………………………………………………………………..2
2.3. paylaώύm……………………………………………………………………………….2
2.4. bilgisayar aπlarύ………………………………………………………………………3
3. bilgisayar aπlarύnύn kullanύm amaηlarύ..……………………………………………..4
3.1. ώirketler iηin kullanύm amaηlarύ……………………………………………………...4
3.1.a. kaynak paylaώύmύ……………………………………………………………………4
3.1.b. yόksek gόvenirlik…………………………………………………………………..4
3.1.c. para tasarrufu……………………………………………………………………….4
3.1.d. φlηeklenebilirlik…………………………………………………………………….5
3.1.e. haberleώme ortamύ………………………………………………………………….5
3.1.f. elektronik ticaret……………………………………………………………………5
3.2. kiώisel kullanύm amaηlarύ……………………………………………………………6
3.2.a. uzaktan bilgiye eriώim……………………………………………………………...6
3.2.b. kullanύcύlar arasύnda haberleώme…………………………………………………..6
3.2.c. etkileώimli eπlence………………………………………………………………….6
3.3. sosyal sorunlar………………………………………………………………………..6
4. bilgisayar aπlarύnύn sύnύflandύrύlmasύ…………………………………………………..7
4.1.bilgisayar aπlarύnύn iletim teknolojisine gφre sύnύflandύrύlmasύ…………………….7
4.1.1. yayύn aπlarύ…………………………………………………………………………7
4.2. noktadan – noktaya aπlar…………………...……………………………………….8
4.3. yerel alan aπlarύ(lans: local area networks)……………………………………..8
4.3.1. yerel alan aπlarύnύn baπlantύ tόrleri(lan topologies)……………………………9
4.3.1.a. ortak yol baπlantύsύ(bus topology)……………………………………………...9
4.3.1.b. halka baπlantύsύ (ring topology)……………………………………………….10
4.3.1.c. yύldύz baπlantύ(star topology)…………………………………………………..12
4.3.1.d. tree topolojisi…………………………………………………………………...13
4.3.2. yayύn aπlarύnda kullanύlan ηoklu eriώim yφntemleri…………………………....13
4.3.2.1. geniώletilmiώ yύldύz topoloji…………………………………………………….14
4.3.2.2. hiyerarώik topoloji………………………………………………………………14
4.3.2.3. karmaώύk topoloji……………………………………………………………….14
4.3.3. mantύksal topolojiler………………………………………………………………15
4.3.3.1. geniώ yayύn topoloji…………………………………………………………….15
4.3.3.2. jeton gezici topoloji…………………………………………………………….15
4.4.2. kentsel alan aπlarύ (man-metropolitan area networks)………………………..16
4.4.3. geniώ alan aπlarύ (wan-wide area networks)………………………………….16
4.4.4. kablosuz aπlar…………………………………………………………………….17
4.4.5. baπlantύlύ aπlar (ύnternetwork)……………………………………………………18
5. bilgisayar aπlarύnda temel kavramlar………………………………………………….18
6. veri iletiώim hizmetleri………………………………………………………………...19
6.1. ύsdn(ύntegrated services diπital networks)………………………………………..19
6.1.1.ύsdn kanallarύ……………………………………………………………………..19
6.1.2. ύsdn hizmetleri…………………………………………………………………...20
6.1.3. ύsdn katmanlarύ ve osύ baώvuru modeli………………………………………...21
6.1.4. ύsdn fiziksel katmanύ……………………………………………………………..21
6.1.5. ύsdn baπlantύ arayόz noktalarύ…………………………………………………..22
6.1.6.ύsdn uygulamalarύ………………………………………………………………...22
6.2. anahtarlama teknolojisi…………………………………………………………….23
6.2.1.devre anahtarlama…………………………………………………………………23
6.2.3. paket anahtarlama…………………………………………………………………24
6.2.4.hόcre anahtarlama…………………………………………………...…………….25
6.3.atm……………………………………………………………………………….….25
6.3.1.atm anahtarlamanύn tarihηesi……………………………………………….…..26
6.3.2.transfer modlarύ……………………………………………………………………26
6.3.2.1.devre anahtarlama…………………………………………………………….…26
6.3.2.2.multirate circuit switching………………………………………………………27
6.3.2.3.paket anahtarlama………………………………………………………………..27
6.3.2.4.frame relaying…………………………………………………………………...28
6.3.2.5.cell relaying……………………………………………………………………..28
6.3.3.atm hόcre yapύsύ………………………………………………..………………..28
6.3.3.1. atm’deki hόcre tipleri………………………………………………………....28
6.3.3.2.neden sabit uzunluk………………………………………………………….….29
6.3.3.3.neden 53 byte……………………………………………………………….……29
6.3.4.atm katmanlarύ…………………………………………………….……….…..…30
6.3.4.1.aal katmanύ tarafύndan desteklenen trafik sύnύflarύ……………………..…..30
6.3.5.aal tipleri…………………………………………………………………..…….30
6.3.6. atm’de baπlantύ yapύsύ………………………………………………..………….32
6.3.7.atm anahtarlama…………………………………………………………….……34
6.3.7.1. atm anahtarlarύ…………………………………………………………...…….34
6.3.7.2.atm anahtarlarύnύn performansύnύ etkileyen faktφrler…………………...…….35
6.3.8.atm topolojisi….…………………………………………………………………36
6.3.9. atm yerel bilgisayar aπlarύ (atm lans) ve atm lan emulasyonu………...39
6.3.9.1-lan emulasyonu mimarisi……………………………………………………...40
6.3.10.atm nin dezavantajlarύ…………………………………………………………..41
6.3.11.atm 'nin avantajlarύ……………………………………………………………...41
6.4.vpn (virtual private network)………………………………………………………42
6.4.1.vpn ekonomisi…………………………………………………………………….43
6.4.2.vpn gόvenliπi ηφzόmleri…………………………………………………………44
6.4.3.farklύ vpn konfigόrasyonlarύ……………………………………………………...44
6.4.4. vpn performans…………………………………………………………………...45
6.4.5. gόvenlik……………………………………………………………………………45
6.4.6.aπ yφnetimi ve eriώim kontrolό…………………………………………………...46
7. kablolama ve baπlantύlar……………………………………………………………...47
7.1. koaksiyel kablo……………………………………………………………………...47
7.1.1. koaksiyel kablo tipleri……………………………………………………………47
7.1.2. koaksiyel kablo konnektorleri……………………………………………………48
7.2. korumasύz ηift bόkόmlό ( utp ) kablo……………………………………………48
7.2.1. utp kablo kategorileri……………………………………………………………48
7.2.2. utp konnektφrleri…………………………………………………………………49
7.3. fiber optik kablo……………………………………………………………………49
7.4. aπ arabirim kartlarύ…………………………………………………………………51
7.5. nt lablarda kullanύlan network alt yapύsύ………………………………………...52
8. ek bilgiler……………………………………………………………………………...54




bilgisayar aπlarύnύn temel φzellikleri......

1.giriώ
her gόn kullanύlan bir aπ : telefon aπύ
telefon aπύ sayesinde ηok kύsa mesafelerden dόnyanύn her yerine iletiώim kurmak mόmkόndόr.
bilgisayar aπlarύ da bir anlamda bu teknolojinin geliώimi olarak gφrόlebilir.
bu dokόmanla bilgisayar aπlarύnύ, tasarύmlarύ ve kullanύmlarύ aηύsύndan anlamaya ηalύώacaπύz.
.....


kaynakηa;
bilgisayar aπlarύ dr. demir φner papatya yayύnlarύ(2001)
bilgisayar aπlarύ gazi όniversitesi kόtόphanesi
bilgisayar aπlarύ kocaeli όniversitesi
tόrk telekom personel eπitim serisi
Elektrotekno.com Ana Sayfa Bilgisayar
1. sayfa (Toplam 1 sayfa)

Bilgisayar Aπlarύ Hakkύnda Genel Bilgiler

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